Do you know adipose-derived stem cells?
Adipose-derived stem cells are stem cells (mesenchymal stem cells) derived from adipose tissue, which makes up the largest portion of our body.
While conventional treatments are primarily aimed at relieving pain or suppressing inflammation, autologous adipose stem cell therapy is a treatment that essentially regenerates damaged cartilage.
In addition to improving symptoms, it can slow down degenerative arthritis, and because it uses autologous adipose tissue, the risk of complications is low and long-term results can be expected after just one treatment.
Bone marrow stem cells have the disadvantage that mesenchymal stem cells are more difficult to obtain than adipose stem cells, so in recent years, knee osteoarthritis stem cell therapy has moved from "autologous bone marrow" to "autologous adipose".
Adipose Derived Stem Cell Procedures
Stem cells can be derived from many different parts of the body, including fat, bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, and placenta, but they are most commonly derived from adipose tissue, which can be easily harvested in relatively large quantities.
The procedure consists of two main steps. First, a small amount of fat is harvested from the patient's abdomen or thigh and mesenchymal stem cells are extracted using a centrifuge. The extracted adipose-derived stem cells are then injected into the knee joint to treat the damaged area.
No general anesthesia is required, just local anesthesia, and the procedure is relatively short, lasting about an hour. After the procedure, you'll only need to rest for a day or two, with no significant disruption to your daily routine.
Adipose-derived stem cell benefits
Bone marrow stem cells have 1 in 1000 mesenchymal stem cells in people in their 20s, and only 1 in 100,000 or 1 million in people over 60.
However, there is one mesenchymal stem cell from adipose tissue for every 10 to 15 adipocytes, so there are between 7 and 101 TP3T of mesenchymal stem cells in all adipocytes. For this reason, developed countries have been actively using adipose-derived stem cells, which contain a high proportion of mesenchymal stem cells, to treat arthritis for more than a decade.
Bone marrow stem cells vs adipose stem cells
Recently, adipose-derived stem cell therapy was also approved by the government's 'New Medical Technologies', allowing the procedure to be safely performed in patients with arthritis stages 2 to 3, or knee cartilage damage of 50% or greater.
However, insurers may not be able to pay for new medical technology treatments that have been approved by the government.Hospitalized for at least 6 hours', the conflict between patients and insurers is escalating.
The Korean Society of Anesthesiology and Pain stated that "hospitalization for at least 6 hours or more than 1 day is required" for sleep anesthesia to collect adipose tissue in adipose-derived stem cell procedures. In addition, the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service has been paying the hospitalization fee since adipose stem cell treatment was recognized as a new medical technology, so it is recognized as "appropriate" for hospitalization. This is expected to put to rest the controversy about 'unnecessary hospitalization' as it has been recognized by an authoritative government agency.
▪️ Procedure time: No anesthesia or incisions, the procedure is done in less than an hour, and a single injection is enough to treat for 1-2 years
▪️ How to harvest stem cellsAn invasive procedure to harvest mesenchymal stem cells from the bone marrow of the pelvic bone.
▪️ Number of stem cells: 1 per 1000 for 20s / 1 per 100k for 60+ for 100k to 1 million
▪️ Cell differentiation potentialCan differentiate into various cells such as bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, etc.
▪️ Physical damage insurance available
▪️ Key benefits: mainly for tissue regeneration and better effects on blood diseases and cerebrovascular diseases
▪️ Major drawbacks: less effective the less you harvest and the older you are
▪️ Procedure timeLiposuction under general anesthesia for about an hour, which is a more complicated process.
▪️ How to harvest stem cellsA non-invasive procedure in which mesenchymal stem cells are harvested from the abdomen or thigh.
▪️ Number of stem cells: 1 per 10-15 fat cells / 7-10% of all fat cells are mesenchymal stem cells
▪️ Cell differentiation potentialCan be differentiated into various cells such as bone, cartilage, fat, and muscle, especially used in arthritis, skin regeneration, and cosmetic surgery
▪️ Physical damage insurance available
▪️ Key benefits: Sufficient amount can be harvested regardless of age, excellent for cartilage treatment and cosmetic treatment
▪️ Major drawbacks: effectiveness may be limited depending on the amount of fat